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Reducing contamination of midstream urine samples through standardized collection processes: a best practice
Yi Qi Liaw1, Mien Li Goh2,3
1University of Surgical Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore.
JBI Evidence Synthesis
|January 24, 2020
Summary
Standardizing evidence-based techniques for midstream urine sample collection significantly reduced contamination rates in a Singapore hospital. This initiative improved nurses
Area of Science:
- Nursing Practice
- Infection Control
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common globally, necessitating accurate diagnosis via uncontaminated midstream urine samples.
- Improper urine sample collection techniques frequently lead to contamination, causing diagnostic delays and inappropriate antibiotic use.
- Nurses play a vital role in minimizing midstream urine sample contamination through adherence to standardized collection protocols.
Purpose of the Study:
- To decrease midstream urine sample contamination rates by standardizing evidence-based collection techniques among nurses.
- To implement and evaluate the effectiveness of the JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System (JBI PACES) and Getting Research into Practice (GRiP) programs.
Main Methods:
- An evidence-based project was implemented in a 21-bed surgical ward in Singapore from October 2018 to January 2019.
- Interventions included educational sessions for nurses and a standardized patient education leaflet.
- Audits using a JBI PACES-devised tool monitored contamination rates and nurses' knowledge.
Main Results:
- Baseline audits indicated a need for improved nursing knowledge and adherence to urine sample collection criteria.
- Following interventions, a significant reduction in midstream urine specimen contamination was observed, decreasing from 40% to 20%.
- Nurses' knowledge regarding urine sample collection markedly improved, with statistically significant improvements noted (p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- The JBI PACES and GRiP processes effectively facilitated the implementation of best practices in a nursing setting.
- Standardizing midstream urine specimen collection using evidence-based recommendations successfully reduced sample contamination rates.
- This project demonstrates a successful strategy for enhancing patient care quality through improved diagnostic accuracy.
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