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Related Concept Videos

Centrioles and Centrosomes01:13

Centrioles and Centrosomes

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Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
Near the end of the prophase, also called late prophase or...
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Attachment of Sister Chromatids02:57

Attachment of Sister Chromatids

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As cells progress into mitosis, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the condensed chromosomes are exposed to the array of bipolar microtubules of the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore, a large, disc-shaped protein complex, is present at the centromere region of the sister chromatids and acts as a binding site for the microtubules.  Usually, the plus-end of a single microtubule is embedded within the kinetochore. However, some kinetochores first establish lateral contact with the side-wall...
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Centrosome Duplication02:25

Centrosome Duplication

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The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
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Mechanism of Filopodia Formation01:39

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Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
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Spindle Assembly02:50

Spindle Assembly

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Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
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The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

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The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes
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Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes

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Cep44 functions in centrosome cohesion by stabilizing rootletin.

Delowar Hossain1,2, Sunny Y-P Shih1, Xintong Xiao1

  • 1Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada.

Journal of Cell Science
|January 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified Cep44 as a new protein crucial for centrosome cohesion. This protein is essential for assembling the centrosome linker, ensuring duplicated centrosomes stay together during cell division.

Keywords:
CentrosomeCep44CohesionRootletinSplitting

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Immunofluorescence Analysis of Endogenous and Exogenous Centromere-kinetochore Proteins
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Immunofluorescence Analysis of Endogenous and Exogenous Centromere-kinetochore Proteins

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Reconstitution of Basic Mitotic Spindles in Spherical Emulsion Droplets

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 30, 2025

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Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes

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Immunofluorescence Analysis of Endogenous and Exogenous Centromere-kinetochore Proteins
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Immunofluorescence Analysis of Endogenous and Exogenous Centromere-kinetochore Proteins

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The centrosome linker is vital for maintaining the connection between duplicated centrosomes from their duplication until their separation in late G2/early mitosis.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms governing the assembly of the centrosome linker remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel components involved in the assembly of the centrosome linker in human cells.
  • To elucidate the function of newly identified proteins in maintaining centrosome cohesion.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of Cep44 as a novel centrosome linker component in human cells.
  • Localization studies of Cep44 at the proximal end of mother and daughter centrioles.
  • Analysis of centrosome cohesion upon Cep44 ablation.
  • Investigation of the interaction between Cep44 and other known linker proteins (C-Nap1, LRRC45, Cep215) and rootletin.

Main Results:

  • Cep44 was identified as a novel component of the centrosome linker in human cells.
  • Cep44 localizes to the proximal centriole regions and its absence disrupts centrosome cohesion.
  • Cep44's function is independent of C-Nap1, LRRC45, and Cep215, which are recruited independently.
  • Cep44 associates with and regulates the stability and localization of rootletin at the centrosome.

Conclusions:

  • Cep44 plays a critical role in centrosome cohesion by regulating the stability and localization of rootletin.
  • This study reveals a previously uncharacterized protein, Cep44, as essential for centrosome linker assembly.