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Biomarkers in DSM-5 Sleep-Wake Disorders: A Useful Paradigm for Psychiatry?
1Dr. Reynolds Is Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry (emeritus) at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh. He is also with the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health.
Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing)
|January 25, 2020
Summary
Sleep-wake disorder biomarkers, detailed in the DSM-5, offer a model for psychiatric biomarker use. These reliable and valid biomarkers aid in personalized diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis for better patient care.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Sleep Medicine
- Biomarker Research
Background:
- The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) provides a nosology for sleep-wake disorders.
- Biomarkers are increasingly recognized for their potential in psychiatric practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To illustrate the clinical relevance of sleep-related biomarkers using a case study.
- To demonstrate how biomarkers can inform diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis in sleep-wake disorders.
Main Methods:
- Review of biomarkers discussed in the DSM-5 sleep-wake disorders chapter.
- Presentation of a case study highlighting the application of sleep-related biomarkers.
Main Results:
- Sleep-wake disorder biomarkers in the DSM-5 possess reliability and validity (antecedent, concurrent, predictive).
- These biomarkers are clinically useful for personalized medicine approaches.
- The case study demonstrates practical application in diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis.
Conclusions:
- Biomarkers for sleep-wake disorders are valuable tools for personalized psychiatric care.
- Optimal use of biomarkers requires a measurement-based, longitudinal, team-based, and patient-centered approach.
- These biomarkers also offer insights into the etiopathogenesis of sleep-wake disorders.
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