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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

3.6K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier MSC for Lung Cancer Screening
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MicroRNA Biomarker hsa-miR-195-5p for Detecting the Risk of Lung Cancer.

Lei Li1,2, Tienan Feng3, Weituo Zhang3

  • 1Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

International Journal of Genomics
|January 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The microRNA, hsa-miR-195-5p, shows promise as a diagnostic biomarker for lung cancer. Its combined use with hsa-miR-143 significantly improves diagnostic accuracy, aiding in early detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Lung cancer is a leading global cancer diagnosis.
  • MicroRNAs are potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis.
  • Previous studies linked hsa-miR-195 to non-small-cell lung cancer prognosis, but hsa-miR-195-5p's diagnostic role was unexamined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the diagnostic value of hsa-miR-195-5p for lung cancer.
  • To compare hsa-miR-195-5p expression in lung cancer, COPD, and normal individuals.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of hsa-miR-195-5p in lung cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Expression levels of hsa-miR-195-5p were measured in lung cancer patients, COPD patients, and healthy controls.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.
  • Coexpression network and pathway analyses were conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • hsa-miR-195-5p expression was significantly lower in lung cancer and COPD patients compared to normal controls.
  • hsa-miR-195-5p demonstrated an AUC of 0.92 for lung cancer diagnosis.
  • Combining hsa-miR-195-5p with hsa-miR-143 improved the AUC to 0.97 for lung cancer diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • hsa-miR-195-5p shows potential as a biomarker for lung cancer diagnosis.
  • This microRNA may aid in identifying individuals at high risk for lung cancer.
  • The combination of hsa-miR-195-5p and hsa-miR-143 offers enhanced diagnostic capability.