Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

10.9K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
10.9K
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

18.5K
For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
18.5K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

47.6K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
47.6K
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

23.6K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
23.6K
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

13.7K
Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
13.7K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.2K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tuning Au → M Interactions: d-Block Metalloligands Enhance Au-Catalyzed CO<sub>2</sub> Hydrosilylation.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Hooked for Decay with Hydrophobic-Coated Magnetic Beads to Grapple and Disintegrate Nanoplastics.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025
Same author

Reactive main group metal complexes of the neutral <i>NNNN</i> macrocycle, Me<sub>4</sub>TACD.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)·2025
Same author

Amphoteric Zinc(II) Hydride Cations [ZnH]<sup>+</sup>: Effect of a Bipyridyl Ligand.

Inorganic chemistry·2025
Same author

Hypervalent zinc(I) complexes with an <i>NNNN</i>-macrocycle: C-H bond activation across the zinc(I)-zinc(I) bond.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2024
Same author

Bridging Titanium Nitrido Complexes Containing A Linear Ti-N-Ti Core with A Two-Coordinate Nitrido Ligand.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2024
Same journal

Incorporation of Engineered Cu<sup>0</sup>/Cu<sup>+</sup> Interfaces in Metal-Organic Frameworks for Boosting CO<sub>2</sub> Hydrogenation to Methanol.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Planar Chiral Carbazole-Naphthalene Bisimide Hetero-Cyclophane for Circularly Polarized Delayed Fluorescence.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Charge-Transfer Exciton Flows: Red Luminescent Zn<sub>8</sub>D<sub>14</sub>A<sub>4</sub> Nanotubes.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Au(III) Complexes as Pyroptosis Inducers by Targeting Mitochondrial DNA for Tumor Immunity.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Suppressing Interfacial-Accelerated Degradation in Perovskite Solar Cells via Supramolecular Co-Assembly.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Isolation and Reactivity of a Stannabismuthene.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal&#8211;Organic Complex Array
06:40

Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal–Organic Complex Array

Published on: October 8, 2016

11.9K

A Hexagonal Planar Metal Complex.

Michael E Tauchert1, Jun Okuda1

  • 1Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|January 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers have synthesized a novel six-coordinate transition-metal complex featuring a hexagonal planar geometry. This discovery expands the known geometries for six-coordinate metal coordination compounds beyond typical octahedral and trigonal prismatic structures.

Keywords:
coordination chemistryheterobimetallic complexeshydrides

More Related Videos

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR
14:44

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

Published on: December 16, 2013

10.0K
Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

3.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal&#8211;Organic Complex Array
06:40

Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal–Organic Complex Array

Published on: October 8, 2016

11.9K
Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR
14:44

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

Published on: December 16, 2013

10.0K
Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

3.2K

Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Six-coordinate metal complexes typically adopt octahedral or trigonal prismatic geometries.
  • The exploration of alternative coordination geometries is crucial for understanding chemical bonding and developing new materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel six-coordinate transition-metal complex.
  • To investigate geometries beyond the commonly observed octahedral and trigonal prismatic arrangements.
  • To expand the known diversity of coordination geometries in transition-metal chemistry.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of a [ML3Z3]-type transition-metal complex.
  • Crystallographic analysis to determine the precise molecular geometry.
  • Spectroscopic methods for structural confirmation.

Main Results:

  • Successful isolation and characterization of a six-coordinate transition-metal complex.
  • The complex exhibits a unique hexagonal planar geometry.
  • This represents a new geometric motif for six-coordinate metal centers.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully demonstrates a hexagonal planar geometry in a six-coordinate transition-metal complex.
  • This finding broadens the scope of known coordination geometries for six-coordinate metal compounds.
  • The results open new avenues for designing complexes with unprecedented structural features.