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Traumatic Arthrotomy.

Jacob W Brubacher1, Caleb W Grote, Michael B Tilley

  • 1From the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
|January 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diagnosing traumatic joint injuries requires careful evaluation of periarticular wounds. While the saline load test was traditional, CT scans now offer high accuracy for detecting open knee joint injuries.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Traumatology

Background:

  • Periarticular traumatic wounds pose a risk of deep joint infection and sepsis if the joint capsule is violated.
  • Accurate evaluation of these wounds is crucial for orthopaedic surgeons.
  • Understanding joint anatomy and capsular extensions is fundamental for diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evaluation and treatment of periarticular traumatic wounds.
  • To highlight the diagnostic utility of CT scans in detecting open joint injuries.
  • To discuss current and future management strategies for traumatic arthrotomy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical practices and diagnostic tools for periarticular wounds.
  • Comparison of historical diagnostic methods (saline load test) with advanced imaging (CT).
  • Analysis of established treatment protocols for traumatic arthrotomy.

Main Results:

  • CT scans demonstrate excellent sensitivity and specificity for identifying open knee joint injuries.
  • The saline load test has historically been used but CT offers improved diagnostic performance.
  • Standard treatment involves antibiotics and surgical irrigation and débridement.

Conclusions:

  • CT evaluation is a valuable tool for diagnosing traumatic arthrotomy, particularly in knee injuries.
  • Further research is needed to validate CT for other joints and standardize treatments.
  • The role of non-surgical management for minor injuries requires further investigation.