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Alcohol Advertising and Violence.

Pamela J Trangenstein1, Naomi Greene2, Raimee H Eck3

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Alcohol advertisements visible outside stores were linked to 15% more violent crime, particularly homicides. Reducing exterior alcohol ads may lower violent crime near alcohol outlets.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Criminology
  • Urban Studies

Background:

  • Established links exist between alcohol outlet density and violent crime.
  • The specific impact of visible alcohol advertisements on violent crime remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between exterior alcohol advertisements and violent crime.
  • To analyze this relationship before Baltimore City's advertising restrictions in June 2017.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted outlet observations and collected violent crime data in Baltimore City.
  • Used kernel density estimation and mixed models to analyze crime rates within 1,000 feet of outlets.
  • Applied Simes-Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple testing.

Main Results:

  • 47% of observed outlets displayed exterior alcohol advertisements.
  • Outlets with ads showed 15% more violent crimes per square mile (eβ=1.15).
  • The association was strongest for homicides (eβ=1.28); no link found for cigarette ads.

Conclusions:

  • Visible alcohol advertisements are associated with increased violent crime, independent of outlet density.
  • Reducing exterior alcohol advertising may be a strategy to mitigate violent crime near alcohol outlets.