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Biocomponent-based microalgal transformations into biofuels during the pretreatment and fermentation process.

Geon-Soo Ha1, Marwa M El-Dalatony2, Do-Hyeon Kim1

  • 1Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea.

Bioresource Technology
|January 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Microalgal cell wall properties significantly influence biofuel production. Pseudochlorella sp. demonstrated superior yields for bioethanol, higher alcohols, and biodiesel, highlighting the importance of microalgal composition for energy recovery.

Keywords:
Biochemical constituentsBiofuelsCell wall disruptionEnergy recoveryFermentationMicroalgae

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Renewable Energy
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Microalgal cell wall integrity and composition are critical factors affecting biofuel fermentation and recovery.
  • Different microalgal strains possess varying proportions of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, impacting biofuel yields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of microalgal cell wall properties and bioconstituent proportions on the production of various biofuels.
  • To compare biofuel yields from different microalgal strains with distinct physiological characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Production of bioethanol, higher alcohols, and biodiesel through fermentation and transesterification.
  • Analysis of three microalgal strains: Pseudochlorella sp., Chlamydomonas mexicana, and Chlamydomonas pitschmannii.
  • Transmission electron microscopy to observe changes in cell wall structure and thickness before and after fermentation.

Main Results:

  • Pseudochlorella sp. exhibited the highest yields for bioethanol (0.45 g/g), higher alcohols (0.44 g/g), and biodiesel (0.55 g/g).
  • Maximum energy recovery of 42% was achieved from Pseudochlorella sp. based on its whole constituents.
  • Significant variations in cell wall structure and thickness were observed across the studied microalgal strains.

Conclusions:

  • Microalgal physiological properties, including cell wall thickness and bioconstituent ratios, are crucial for optimizing biofuel production.
  • Strain selection based on cell wall characteristics and biochemical composition can enhance pretreatment and fermentation efficiencies for biofuels.