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Related Experiment Videos

A general and personal perspective on contrast material research.

E C Lasser1

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla 92093.

Investigative Radiology
|September 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Nonionic contrast media (CM) may cause systemic toxicity. Bradykinin production, influenced by allergic conditions and specific plasma factors, appears to significantly contribute to CM reactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Nonionic contrast media (CM) show reduced local toxicity, but systemic effects remain unclear.
  • Understanding ionic media reactions is crucial for deciphering nonionic media responses.
  • Bradykinin is a potential key mediator in contrast media reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of bradykinin in contrast media reactions.
  • To identify factors in allergic individuals that potentiate bradykinin production.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of corticosteroids in mitigating CM reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of plasma factors in allergic/asthmatic individuals.
  • In vitro studies of contact system activation.

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  • Clinical studies assessing corticosteroid pretreatment efficacy.
  • Preliminary investigation of CM effects on angiotensin-converting enzyme.

    • Main Results:

    • Three plasma factors identified that potentiate contact system activity in vitro.
    • Corticosteroid pretreatment significantly reduced CM reaction incidence.
    • Pretreatment diminished plasma concentrations of specific heparin-like substances.
    • Contrast media were shown to inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme.

    Conclusions:

    • Bradykinin significantly contributes to contrast media reactions, particularly in allergic individuals.
    • Specific plasma factors and CM inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme are key mechanisms.
    • Corticosteroid pretreatment is effective in reducing CM-induced reactions.