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Related Concept Videos

Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

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A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
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The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
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To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...
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Related Experiment Video

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Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis
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Next generation secondary electron detector with energy analysis capability for SEM.

A Suri1,2, A Pratt2, S Tear2

  • 1Department of Electronic Engineering, University of York, York, U.K.

Journal of Microscopy
|January 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

We developed a new Bessel Box detector for scanning electron microscopes, enabling elemental identification via Auger electron detection and energy-filtered imaging. This novel design enhances SEM capabilities for nanotechnology applications.

Keywords:
Auger electron spectroscopyBessel Boxelectron detectorelectron microscopyenergy analyserenergy filtered imagesscanning electron microscope

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is crucial for nanotechnology, but conventional detectors offer limited energy analysis.
  • Accurate interpretation of SEM images requires detailed electron energy information.
  • Existing detectors like Everhart-Thornley (ET) and through-the-lens (TTL) have limitations in energy filtering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel detector design for SEM with integrated electron energy analysis.
  • To demonstrate the detector's capability for elemental identification using Auger electron detection.
  • To showcase energy-filtered secondary electron imaging for enhanced sample analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Designed and implemented a Bessel Box (BB) electron energy analyzer within an SEM.
  • Utilized the BB detector for Auger electron detection for elemental analysis.
  • Performed energy-filtered secondary electron imaging with a low pass energy of 12 eV.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated elemental identification through Auger electron detection in an SEM.
  • Showcased the potential of the BB detector as a complementary technique to Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy.
  • Achieved high-quality energy-filtered secondary electron images of a copper-on-silicon sample.

Conclusions:

  • The novel Bessel Box detector provides essential energy analysis capabilities for SEM.
  • This technology enhances elemental identification and imaging, complementing existing spectroscopic methods.
  • The developed detector advances SEM applications in nanotechnology and materials characterization.