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Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

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The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
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Regulatory RNAs in Heart Failure.

Clarissa Pedrosa Costa Gomes1, Blanche Schroen2, Gabriela M Kuster3

  • 1Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg (C.P.d.C.G., Y.D.).

Circulation
|January 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Regulatory RNAs (regRNAs), including messenger RNAs and noncoding RNAs, are crucial for gene expression in heart failure. Understanding their roles may lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.

Keywords:
RNAbiomarkersepigeneticsheart failuretranscriptome analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • RNA biology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease, particularly heart failure, presents a significant global health challenge.
  • Gene expression regulation is critical for maintaining cardiac homeostasis.
  • RNA molecules, both coding and noncoding, play key roles in this regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To broaden the concept of regulatory RNA (regRNA) to include both protein-coding and noncoding RNAs.
  • To review the regulation and function of various regRNAs in heart failure.
  • To explore the potential of regRNAs in diagnosing, prognosing, and treating heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on regulatory RNAs.
  • Analysis of the roles of messenger RNAs, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs in heart failure.
  • Discussion of the clinical utility and future directions for regRNA research.

Main Results:

  • Regulatory RNAs (regRNAs) encompass both protein-coding and noncoding RNA molecules that influence gene expression.
  • Specific regRNAs, including mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, are implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure.
  • These regRNAs offer potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions:

  • The definition of regulatory RNA should be expanded to encompass all RNA species involved in gene expression control.
  • Messenger RNAs, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs are integral to heart failure development and progression.
  • Further investigation into regRNAs holds promise for advancing the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure.