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Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome
Kristen K Steenerson1, Benjamin T Crane2, Lloyd B Minor3
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Seminars in Neurology
|January 28, 2020
Summary
Superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS) is a vestibular disorder characterized by a third window in the labyrinth. Accurate diagnosis involves specific examination techniques and tests like CT scans, aiding in managing this condition.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Otolaryngology
- Vestibular System Disorders
Background:
- Superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS) is a vestibular disorder resulting from an abnormal opening into the inner ear.
- SCDS can manifest with symptoms such as autophony, vertigo triggered by sound or pressure, and chronic disequilibrium.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the diagnostic approach for Superior canal dehiscence syndrome.
- To emphasize the importance of recognizing SCDS in the differential diagnosis of dizziness.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis relies on detailed patient history and physical examination.
- Key examination includes fixation-suppressed ocular motor testing for sound/pressure-induced eye movements.
- Audiometry, vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs), and computed tomography (CT) are used for confirmation.
Main Results:
- The described methods accurately diagnose Superior canal dehiscence syndrome.
- Surgical interventions can be curative for SCDS.
- Many patients do not opt for surgery due to symptom severity.
Conclusions:
- Neurologists, as primary consultants for dizziness, must understand SCDS.
- Integrating SCDS into the differential diagnosis improves patient care for vestibular complaints.
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