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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
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[Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity].

Ra Ri Cha1, Hyun Jin Kim1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.

The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe Chi
|January 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) involves gluten-related symptoms in individuals without celiac disease or wheat allergy. Further research is needed to establish diagnostic criteria and biomarkers for this condition.

Keywords:
Abdominal painDiarrheaFunctional gastrointestinal disordersGlutensNonceliac gluten sensitivity

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) affects individuals experiencing symptoms after gluten ingestion, distinct from celiac disease or wheat allergy.
  • NCGS is characterized by a wide range of gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms, potentially overlapping with other conditions like Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).
  • The heterogeneity of NCGS suggests diverse underlying causes and clinical presentations, complicating diagnosis and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the characteristics and diagnostic challenges of Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS).
  • To highlight the need for standardized diagnostic criteria and validated biomarkers for NCGS.
  • To review current evidence on the potential benefits of a gluten-free diet for gastrointestinal symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS).
  • Analysis of clinical manifestations and diagnostic approaches for NCGS.
  • Examination of the relationship between NCGS, celiac disease, wheat allergy, and IBS.

Main Results:

  • NCGS is defined by symptom improvement upon gluten withdrawal in individuals negative for celiac disease and wheat allergy.
  • Symptoms encompass gastrointestinal, dermatological, neurological, and other systemic manifestations.
  • A significant overlap exists between NCGS and Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), complicating differential diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • NCGS is a complex condition requiring precise diagnostic criteria and validated biomarkers for accurate identification and research.
  • A gluten-free diet shows promise for managing gastrointestinal symptoms in some patients, including those with IBS-like presentations.
  • Further research is essential to elucidate the pathophysiology and establish definitive diagnostic pathways for NCGS.