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Updated: Dec 29, 2025
Author Spotlight: Exploring Advanced Therapeutic Targets in Osteosarcoma Through Spatial Transcriptomics
Published on: May 3, 2024
Emerging next-generation sequencing-based discoveries for targeted osteosarcoma therapy
Jie Zhao1, Dylan C Dean2, Francis J Hornicek2
1First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China.
Abstract:
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone malignancy and is frequently lethal via metastasis to the lung. While surgical techniques and adjuvant chemotherapies have emerged to combat this deadly cancer, the 5-year survival rate has plateaued over the past four decades. Therapeutic progress has been notably poor because past technologies have not been able to reveal obscured OS biomarkers and targets. With the advent and implementation of large-scale next-generation sequencing (NGS) studies, various somatic mutations and copy number changes involved in OS progression and metastasis have surfaced. These findings have significantly expanded the amount of genome-informed pathways and candidate genes suitable for targeting in pre-clinical models. Furthermore, NGS analyses comparing primary and matched pulmonary metastatic tumor tissues have catalogued previously unknown prognostic biomarkers in OS. In this review, we delineate the most recent findings in NGS for OS therapy and how this technology has advanced personalized therapy.
Insights
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) reveals new osteosarcoma (OS) biomarkers and therapeutic targets, advancing personalized medicine. This technology aids in understanding OS progression and metastasis for improved patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genomics
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone cancer with poor survival rates, often due to lung metastasis.
- Current treatments have plateaued, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
- Previous technologies limited the identification of crucial OS biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) for osteosarcoma (OS) therapy.
- To highlight how NGS has improved the understanding of OS progression and metastasis.
- To discuss the role of NGS in advancing personalized medicine for OS patients.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing large-scale next-generation sequencing (NGS) studies.
- Analyzing somatic mutations and copy number changes in OS.
- Comparing primary and matched pulmonary metastatic tumor tissues using NGS.
Main Results:
- NGS has identified numerous somatic mutations and copy number alterations linked to OS progression and metastasis.
- Genome-informed pathways and candidate genes for pre-clinical targeting have been expanded.
- Novel prognostic biomarkers for OS have been discovered through comparative NGS analyses.
Conclusions:
- NGS is revolutionizing osteosarcoma (OS) research by uncovering new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
- This technology facilitates a deeper understanding of OS metastasis.
- NGS is paving the way for more personalized and effective OS therapies.
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