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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Updated: Dec 29, 2025

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Portable, field-based neuroimaging using high-density diffuse optical tomography.

Andrew K Fishell1, Ana María Arbeláez2, Claudia P Valdés3

  • 1Washington University School of Medicine, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, St. Louis, MO, USA; Washington University School of Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Neuroimage
|January 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) offers improved brain imaging for children with malnutrition, showing persistent deficits. This portable technology aids in assessing brain function and developing interventions for long-term malnutrition effects.

Keywords:
Functional connectivityFunctional near-infrared spectroscopyHigh-density diffuse optical tomographyMalnutritionOptical neuroimagingPortable neuroimagingTask-evoked responses

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Medical Engineering

Background:

  • Childhood malnutrition leads to lifelong behavioral and cognitive deficits.
  • Portable neuroimaging methods like functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) are needed for low-resource settings.
  • High-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) offers superior image quality compared to sparse fNIRS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a customized HD-DOT system for assessing brain function in malnourished children.
  • To demonstrate the system's portability, wearability, and sensitivity to brain responses.
  • To establish a foundation for future malnutrition burden characterization and intervention development.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a customized HD-DOT system for use in Cali, Colombia.
  • Evaluation of the HD-DOT instrument's performance in a cohort of malnourished children.
  • Assessment of brain function using a sensory processing task (passive word listening) and resting-state functional connectivity measurements.

Main Results:

  • The HD-DOT system demonstrated portability and wearability in the study population.
  • The system detected distributed brain responses, with task-evoked activations localized to the bilateral superior temporal gyrus.
  • Dense reconstruction schemes showed greater localization consistency compared to sparse schemes, indicating improved image quality.

Conclusions:

  • The customized HD-DOT system is a viable tool for assessing brain function in malnourished children.
  • HD-DOT provides sensitive and localized brain activity measurements, approaching fMRI quality for cortical regions.
  • This technology can support longitudinal studies and contribute to developing interventions for childhood malnutrition.