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Related Concept Videos

Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
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Determination01:51

Determination

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

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Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
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Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

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The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
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Neurulation01:30

Neurulation

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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Antibody Uptake Assay for Tracking Notch/Delta Endocytosis During the Asymmetric Division of Zebrafish Radial Glia Progenitors
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Notch signalling regulates epibranchial placode patterning and segregation.

Li Wang1, Junjie Xie1, Haoran Zhang1

  • 1School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|January 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Epibranchial placodes develop via a novel patterning principle involving rostral and caudal domains. Notch signaling precisely controls the balance between these domains, influencing placode segregation and differentiation.

Keywords:
Epibranchial placodeMouseN1ICDNotch signallingPharyngeal ectodermRbpj

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Epibranchial placodes form cranial nerves VII, IX, and X.
  • The derivation of these placodes from a common posterior area is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the patterning mechanism of epibranchial placodes.
  • To investigate the role of Notch signaling in placode development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene expression patterns (Vgll2, Sox2).
  • Investigation of pharyngeal cleft patterning.
  • Manipulation of Notch signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Posterior placode area initially patterns into Vgll2 (rostral) and Sox2 (caudal) domains.
  • This patterning is repeated sequentially for each epibranchial placode.
  • Caudal domains yield placodal cells; rostral domains act as spacers.
  • Notch signaling modulates the size of caudal and rostral domains.

Conclusions:

  • A new patterning principle for epibranchial placode development is described.
  • Notch signaling is crucial for epibranchial placode segregation and differentiation.