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A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
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Spin current from sub-terahertz-generated antiferromagnetic magnons.

Junxue Li1, C Blake Wilson2,3, Ran Cheng1,4

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.

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|January 29, 2020
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Summary

Researchers demonstrated sub-terahertz spin pumping in antiferromagnetic heterostructures. This work shows the generation and electrical detection of pure spin currents from antiferromagnetic resonance, paving the way for ultrafast spintronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Spintronics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Antiferromagnets offer faster spin dynamics than ferromagnets for ultrafast devices.
  • Generating and electrically detecting spin currents in antiferromagnets remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate sub-terahertz spin pumping and electrical detection of pure spin currents in antiferromagnetic heterostructures.
  • To investigate magnon excitation and spin-charge conversion in antiferromagnets at high frequencies.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of heterostructures using uniaxial antiferromagnetic Cr2O3 and heavy metals (Pt, β-Ta).
  • Excitation of antiferromagnetic resonance (AFMR) at 0.240 THz and 2.7 T, and a second resonance at 10.5 T.
  • Electrical detection of generated spin currents via the inverse spin Hall effect.

Main Results:

  • Successful generation and detection of pure spin currents from both AFMR and a second resonance in Cr2O3/heavy metal heterostructures.
  • Unambiguous confirmation of pure spin currents by voltage polarity reversal upon switching detector metal (Pt/Ta) or magnetic field direction.
  • Temperature dependence and spin Seebeck effect measurements indicate both coherent and incoherent magnon contributions to the spin current.

Conclusions:

  • This study explicitly demonstrates sub-terahertz spin pumping and electrical detection of pure spin currents in antiferromagnets.
  • The findings highlight unique magnon excitation characteristics and their role in spin-charge conversion at high frequencies.
  • The results open new avenues for developing ultrafast spintronic devices based on antiferromagnetic materials.