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Choreography of the centrosome
1Molecular Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, SE-20502, Sweden.
Heliyon
|January 29, 2020
Summary
The centrosome, crucial for cell division, is re-evaluated as its role in microtubule organization is questioned due to acentrosomal mechanisms. This review explores centrosome movements in cellular homeostasis.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- The centrosome, historically termed "the true division organ of the cell", organizes microtubules and the mitotic spindle.
- It comprises a pericentriolar matrix surrounding two centrioles.
- Its essentiality is debated due to the prevalence of acentrosomal microtubule nucleation in eukaryotes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the known functions of centrosome movements in maintaining cellular homeostasis.
- To identify knowledge gaps concerning the role of centrosomes in cell biology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review
- Analysis of existing research on centrosome function
- Comparative analysis of acentrosomal and centrosomal microtubule nucleation
Main Results:
- Centrosomes are critical microtubule-organizing centers.
- Centrioles are absent in approximately 50% of eukaryotic species.
- Alternative mechanisms for microtubule nucleation exist.
Conclusions:
- The traditional view of the centrosome's indispensable role requires re-evaluation.
- Further research is needed to fully understand centrosome movements and their contribution to cellular homeostasis.
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