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Bioplastics

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Fabrication of Mechanically Tunable and Bioactive Metal Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications

Fabrication of Mechanically Tunable and Bioactive Metal Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications

Published on: December 8, 2015

Additively manufactured functionally graded biodegradable porous zinc.

Y Li¹, P Pavanram², J Zhou¹

¹Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands. y.li-7@tudelft.nl.

Biomaterials Science

|January 30, 2020

Summary

Topological design of additively manufactured porous zinc (Zn) biomaterials precisely controls biodegradation and mechanical properties. This offers a promising, tunable approach for bone substitutes with enhanced performance and biocompatibility.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Engineering
Additive Manufacturing
Materials Science

Background:

Bone substitutes require tailored biodegradation and mechanical properties.
Additively manufactured (AM) porous metals offer tunable characteristics.
Zinc (Zn) shows superior biodegradation compared to magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of topological design on AM porous zinc's performance.
To evaluate biodegradation, mechanical properties, permeability, and biocompatibility of AM porous Zn.
To determine the suitability of AM porous Zn as a bone substitute.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of AM porous zinc specimens with diamond unit cells using powder bed fusion.
Comprehensive in vitro study of static and dynamic biodegradation behaviors.
Assessment of mechanical properties, permeability, and cellular activity (biocompatibility).

Main Results:

Topological design significantly influenced biodegradation rates (150% variation).
Weight loss ranged from 7-12% after 28 days, aligning with 1-2 year degradation targets.
Mechanical properties remained comparable to cancellous bone, with yield strength increasing post-degradation.
Excellent biocompatibility was observed, with no significant difference in cellular activity compared to titanium controls.

Conclusions:

Topological design is a powerful tool for controlling AM porous zinc's mechanical properties and degradation.
AM porous zinc demonstrates significant promise as a tunable bone substitute material.
The flexibility offered by topological design allows for customization to meet diverse clinical needs.