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Sperm Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Is Not a Predictor of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) Cycle Outcomes.

Ashley W Tiegs1,2, Xin Tao3, Jessica Landis3

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Reproductive Sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)
|January 30, 2020
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Summary

Sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA CN) was not found to predict fertilization, blastocyst development, euploidy, or live birth rates in in vitro fertilization (IVF) with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. This finding suggests mtDNA CN is not a reliable prognostic marker for IVF success.

Keywords:
ICSI cycle outcomesMale infertilityPregnancy outcomesSperm mitochondrial DNA copy numberSperm quality

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine and Biology
  • Genetics and Genomics
  • In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

Background:

  • Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA CN) in sperm is a potential biomarker for male fertility.
  • Its role in predicting outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies like IVF with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) remains unclear.
  • Understanding factors influencing IVF success is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between sperm mtDNA CN and key IVF/ICSI outcomes.
  • To determine if sperm mtDNA CN can serve as a prognostic marker for fertilization, blastulation, blastocyst euploidy, and live birth rates.
  • To analyze the relationship between sperm mtDNA CN and sperm motility.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study analyzed 2062 unique sperm samples used in first ICSI cycles.
  • Sperm mtDNA CN was quantified using TaqMan® quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
  • Statistical analyses included linear regression and mixed effects logistic regression, adjusting for sperm motility and maternal age.

Main Results:

  • Lower relative sperm mtDNA CN was significantly associated with increased pre-wash sperm motility (p < 0.001).
  • No significant associations were found between sperm mtDNA CN and fertilization rates (p = 0.40).
  • Sperm mtDNA CN did not show significant associations with usable blastocyst development (p = 0.36), blastocyst euploidy (p = 0.10), or live birth rates (p = 0.42).

Conclusions:

  • Sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number is not a prognostic indicator for fertilization, blastocyst development, or euploidy in IVF/ICSI cycles.
  • The study concludes that sperm mtDNA CN does not predict live birth rates in infertile populations undergoing IVF with ICSI.
  • While linked to motility, sperm mtDNA CN's utility as a biomarker for IVF success is limited.