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Bacterial interspecies interactions modulate pH-mediated antibiotic tolerance.

Andrés Aranda-Díaz1, Benjamin Obadia2, Ren Dodge3

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.

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Summary

Microbial interactions affect antibiotic effectiveness. In fruit fly gut microbes, Acetobacter species alter Lactobacillus plantarum's antibiotic tolerance by managing pH, enabling better prediction of drug efficacy.

Keywords:
Drosophila melanogasterLactobacillus plantarumantibiotic toleranceecologygut microbiotainfectious diseaseinterspecies interactionsmicrobiologyrifampin

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Microbial Ecology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Predicting antibiotic efficacy in microbial communities is difficult.
  • Interspecies interactions can alter bacterial physiology and antibiotic activity.
  • The fruit fly gut microbiota provides a model system for studying these interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how interspecies interactions influence antibiotic tolerance in a synthetic microbial community.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which microbial interactions modulate antibiotic efficacy.
  • To enable better prediction of antibiotic effects in complex microbial ecosystems.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed synthetic microbial communities from core fruit fly gut bacteria.
  • Co-cultured Lactobacillus plantarum with Acetobacter species.
  • Measured key metabolites and environmental pH.
  • Assessed bacterial tolerance to antibiotics like rifampin and erythromycin.

Main Results:

  • Co-culturing Lactobacillus plantarum with Acetobacter species altered its tolerance to rifampin.
  • Acetobacter species counteracted acidification caused by L. plantarum's lactate production, altering environmental pH.
  • Shifts in pH were sufficient to modulate L. plantarum tolerance to rifampin and erythromycin.
  • Reduced lag time exiting stationary phase correlated with L. plantarum rifampicin tolerance.

Conclusions:

  • Interspecies interactions, specifically pH modulation by Acetobacter species, significantly impact antibiotic tolerance in microbial communities.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for predicting antibiotic efficacy.
  • This mechanistic insight facilitates future predictions of microbial growth and antibiotic effects in complex communities.