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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
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Regulation of Metabolism01:19

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Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
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Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
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Biological factors significantly impact drug metabolism, influencing drug clearance, efficacy, and potential toxicity.
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Introduction to Metabolism01:30

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Metabolism encompasses all biochemical reactions in a living organism, facilitating both the breakdown and synthesis of biomolecules. These metabolic processes are categorized into catabolic and anabolic pathways, which operate in a coordinated manner to ensure energy balance and cellular function.Catabolic Pathways and Energy ReleaseCatabolic pathways involve the breakdown of complex macromolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins into smaller structures like monosaccharides, fatty...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
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Circadian Clocks Make Metabolism Run.

Flore Sinturel1, Volodymyr Petrenko1, Charna Dibner1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet, 1, CH-1211, Geneva, 14, Switzerland; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Journal of Molecular Biology
|January 31, 2020
PubMed
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The body

Keywords:
circadian clock systemcircadian misalignmenthuman pathologiesmetabolic rhythms

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Metabolic Physiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Organisms utilize internal circadian clocks to anticipate daily environmental changes.
  • Circadian systems regulate most mammalian physiological and behavioral processes.
  • Disrupting these clocks is linked to metabolic disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interconnection between the circadian system and metabolism.
  • To highlight the role of peripheral clocks in metabolic homeostasis.
  • To discuss the impact of circadian disruption on metabolic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of rodent and human studies.
  • Analysis of research on peripheral clocks in metabolic organs.
  • Examination of studies linking circadian disruption to metabolic phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral clocks in metabolic organs regulate glucose, lipid, and protein homeostasis.
  • Circadian disruption in rodents causes metabolic disturbances.
  • Perturbation of human circadian clocks is associated with metabolic diseases.

Conclusions:

  • The circadian system is crucial for temporal coordination of metabolism.
  • Understanding circadian roles can inform strategies for metabolic diseases.
  • Further research is needed on circadian system's impact on human pathologies.