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Related Concept Videos

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
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Peripapillary Vessel Density In Unilateral Preperimetric Glaucoma.

G Mangouritsas1, N Koutropoulou1, A Ragkousis1

  • 1Eye Clinic, General Hospital ''Red Cross'', Athens, Greece.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|January 31, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Preperimetric glaucoma (PPG) eyes show significant radial peripapillary capillary dropout. Clinically unaffected fellow eyes have thinner structures but normal microvasculature, indicating OCTA

Keywords:
ganglion cell complexglaucomaoptical coherence tomography angiographypreperimetric glaucomaretinal nerve fiber layervessel density

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Glaucoma Research

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy often associated with elevated intraocular pressure.
  • Preperimetric glaucoma (PPG) represents an early stage where visual field loss is not yet detectable.
  • Assessing microvascular changes in early glaucoma is crucial for understanding disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate vessel density (VD) of radial peripapillary capillaries (RPC) and structural alterations in patients with unilateral PPG using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
  • To compare vascular and structural parameters between PPG eyes, their fellow eyes, and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional observational study involving 13 untreated patients with unilateral PPG.
  • Measurement of RPC VD (optic disc, peripapillary, and whole image areas) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness using spectral-domain OCT/OCTA.
  • Comparison of parameters between PPG eyes, fellow eyes (F), and 20 healthy eyes (H).

Main Results:

  • PPG eyes exhibited significantly lower peripapillary and whole image RPC VD compared to fellow eyes (p<0.001).
  • Both PPG and fellow eyes showed significantly thinner RNFL and GCC compared to healthy eyes (p<0.001).
  • Area under the curve analysis indicated excellent diagnostic ability for both structural and vascular parameters in differentiating PPG from healthy eyes, but only structural parameters were effective in differentiating fellow eyes from healthy eyes.

Conclusions:

  • Unilateral PPG eyes demonstrate significant RPC dropout, suggesting microvascular dysfunction as an early event.
  • Clinically unaffected fellow eyes have structural thinning but no significant microvasculature differences compared to healthy eyes.
  • OCTA is a valuable tool for early glaucoma diagnosis, though peripapillary vascular parameters are not superior to structural measurements for differentiating early disease stages.