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Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
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Circular RNAs-The Road Less Traveled.

Ashirbad Guria1, Priyanka Sharma2, Sankar Natesan2

  • 1Department of Plant Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India.

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|January 31, 2020
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Summary

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), formed by backsplicing, regulate cellular processes by sponging microRNAs. This review explores circRNA biogenesis, function, and detection methods in animals and plants.

Keywords:
backsplicingbiogenesiscircRNAlong non-coding RNAmiRNA sponging

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a recently recognized class of non-coding RNAs.
  • They are formed through backsplicing of pre-mRNAs during transcription.
  • circRNAs play roles in regulating gene expression and cellular functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biogenesis, structure, and properties of circRNAs.
  • To discuss degradation mechanisms and detection methodologies for circRNAs.
  • To explore the roles and therapeutic potential of circRNAs in animal and plant systems.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of circRNA research.
  • Analysis of circRNA biogenesis pathways (co-transcriptional and post-transcriptional).
  • Examination of circRNA-microRNA interactions and regulatory functions.

Main Results:

  • circRNAs function as microRNA sponges, influencing cellular processes.
  • They exhibit high stability due to their closed-loop structure.
  • circRNAs are involved in transcriptional regulation and protein translation, with therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

  • circRNAs represent a significant area of ongoing research in molecular biology.
  • Understanding circRNA mechanisms provides new directions for therapeutic strategies.
  • Diverse methodologies are employed for circRNA identification and functional analysis.