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Acute hydrocephalus secondary to traumatic perimesencephalic pneumocephalus: A case report
Guichen Li1, Guangming Wang2, Tengfei Luan2
1Department of Neurology.
Introduction:
Acute hydrocephalus is a common complication of spontaneous or traumatic intracranial bleeding with extensive subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) or ventricular extension. However, it has never been reported to be secondary to pneumocephalus.
Patient Concerns:
A 32-year-old man was admitted following a motorcycle accident. Head computed tomography (CT) performed right after the accident revealed a skull base fracture and mild perimesencephalic SAH. Three days later, repeated CT revealed delayed perimesencephalic pneumocephalus and an evident enlargement of the ventricular system.
Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with acute obstructive hydrocephalus, which was secondary to pneumocephalus and traumatic SAH.
Interventions:
The patient was treated with temporary external ventricular drainage (EVD).
Outcomes:
The patient experienced an unremarkable recovery process. At follow-up 3 months later, he showed no recurrence of the hydrocephalus and the score of Glasgow Outcome Scale was 5.
Conclusion:
Transient mechanical obstruction of CSF circulation and disturbance of CSF physiology might conjointly lead to the acute obstructive hydrocephalus.
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