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Quantifying Acute Changes in Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Central Nervous System Manipulations in Anesthetized Rats
Published on: September 11, 2018
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Crosstalk between the nervous system and the kidney.
1Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Kidney International
|February 1, 2020
Summary
The nervous system and kidneys communicate to maintain health. Disruptions in this communication, seen in kidney disease, can harm the brain, highlighting the need for neural-based treatments.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Nephrology
- Physiology
Background:
- The nervous system and kidneys interact to maintain homeostasis.
- Pathological states like hypertension and kidney damage disrupt this communication, impacting renorenal reflexes and sodium handling.
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to cerebrovascular disease and cognitive decline, with uremic toxins and phosphate implicated in brain changes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the communication pathways between the nervous system and kidneys.
- To understand how kidney disease affects the central nervous system.
- To identify potential therapeutic targets for neurological complications of kidney disease.
Main Methods:
- Review of physiological and pathological states of nervous system-kidney interaction.
- Analysis of epidemiological data on acute kidney injury (AKI) and cerebrovascular events.
- Examination of animal studies on renal nerve function and cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways.
Main Results:
- Kidney damage in AKI and CKD negatively impacts the central nervous system.
- CKD is an independent risk factor for stroke and dementia.
- Animal studies indicate renal nerves contribute to kidney inflammation, while cholinergic pathways offer renoprotection.
Conclusions:
- Elucidating nervous system-kidney communication is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
- Neural and neuroimmune control mechanisms offer potential for treating kidney injury and associated neurological conditions.
- Targeting neural pathways may ameliorate neurological conditions linked to kidney disease.
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