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Related Concept Videos

Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

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The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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Fluoride And Caring for Children's Teeth (FACCT): Clinical Fieldwork Protocol.

Patrice James1, Mairead Harding1,2, Tara Beecher1

  • 1Oral Health Services Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Co. Cork, T12E8YV, Ireland.

HRB Open Research
|February 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study evaluates how changes in water fluoridation and fluoride toothpaste use in Ireland affected children's dental health. It assesses the impact on dental caries and enamel fluorosis in schoolchildren.

Keywords:
DMF IndexDean’s Indexdental cariesdmf indexenamel fluorosisoral health-related quality of lifepreventionpublic healthwater fluoridation

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Irish national surveys showed reduced dental caries but increased enamel fluorosis between 1984 and 2002.
  • In response, Ireland lowered community water fluoridation (CWF) levels in 2007 and issued new fluoride toothpaste guidelines in 2002.
  • The Fluoride and Caring for Children's Teeth (FACCT) project investigates these policy changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of revised community water fluoridation (CWF) policy (2007) and fluoride toothpaste recommendations (2002) on dental caries and enamel fluorosis in Irish schoolchildren.
  • To assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in relation to these public health interventions.
  • To analyze the long-term effects of CWF exposure on children's oral health outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods study combining cross-sectional and longitudinal designs.
  • Trained dental examiners assessed dental caries (dmf/DMF Index) and enamel fluorosis (Dean's Index) in primary schoolchildren (ages 5 and 12) in 2013-2014.
  • Parent and child questionnaires gathered data on explanatory variables; 5-year-olds were followed up at age 8.

Main Results:

  • The primary explanatory variable is lifetime exposure to community water fluoridation (CWF).
  • Multivariate regression analyses will determine the impact of CWF policy changes on oral health outcomes.
  • Results will be controlled for other relevant explanatory variables collected via questionnaires.

Conclusions:

  • The study will provide crucial data on the effectiveness of CWF policy adjustments in managing dental caries and enamel fluorosis.
  • Findings will inform future public health strategies for optimizing children's oral health in fluoridated communities.
  • The research addresses the balance between caries prevention and fluorosis risk in pediatric populations.