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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Physiology of Urine Formation01:24

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Urine formation is an essential function of the human body. It plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating the volume and composition of body fluids. The kidneys, the primary organs involved in this process, filter blood to remove waste products and excess substances, ultimately producing urine.
Glomerular Filtration
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The Micturition Reflex01:26

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Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
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Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
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Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution01:20

Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution

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The kidneys concentrate or dilute urine to maintain water and electrolyte balance. Nephrons, particularly the loop of Henle, play a crucial role in this process through the countercurrent multiplication system. This system establishes a high osmolarity in the renal medulla, which is essential for water reabsorption. In the loop of Henle’s descending limb, water is reabsorbed into the surrounding medulla due to its permeability to water. In contrast, the ascending limb actively transports...
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Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

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Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

A Decentralized Ex Vivo Murine Bladder Model with the Detrusor Muscle Removed for Direct Access to the Suburothelium during Bladder Filling
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A Decentralized Ex Vivo Murine Bladder Model with the Detrusor Muscle Removed for Direct Access to the Suburothelium during Bladder Filling

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Acyloxyacyl hydrolase regulates voiding activity.

Lizath M Aguiniga1, Timothy J Searl2, Afrida Rahman-Enyart1

  • 1Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
|February 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH) deficiency causes bladder dysfunction by altering corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) expression. Targeting the AOAH-CRF pathway may treat urinary voiding disorders.

Keywords:
acyloxyacyl hydrolasebladdercorticotrophin-releasing hormonecorticotropin-releasing factormicturition

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Bladder Smooth Muscle Strip Contractility as a Method to Evaluate Lower Urinary Tract Pharmacology
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Urology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays a role in bladder control.
  • Acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH) gene expression influences CRF levels, suggesting AOAH's involvement in voiding.
  • The AOAH-CRF axis's role in bladder function requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of AOAH in regulating bladder function.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms linking AOAH, CRF, and voiding behavior.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for AOAH-related bladder dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized AOAH-deficient mice and wild-type littermates for comparative analysis.
  • Performed awake cystometry to assess bladder function and voiding parameters.
  • Investigated gene expression, neuronal activity, and receptor pathways (AhR, PPAR-γ) in bladder and brain tissues.

Main Results:

  • AOAH-deficient mice displayed enlarged bladders, reduced voiding frequency, and increased void volumes.
  • Increased bladder permeability, heightened afferent neuronal firing, and elevated peak voiding pressure were observed in AOAH-deficient mice.
  • AOAH colocalized with CRF neurons in Barrington's nucleus, and CRF levels were elevated in AOAH-deficient mice, with AhR and PPAR-γ identified as key regulators.

Conclusions:

  • AOAH is a critical regulator of bladder function, impacting voiding control through the CRF pathway.
  • The AOAH-CRF axis, modulated by AhR and PPAR-γ, represents a significant therapeutic target for voiding dysfunction.
  • Pharmacological targeting of the AhR pathway shows promise in ameliorating AOAH-related bladder issues.