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Factors associated with tuberculosis-associated haemophagocytic syndrome: a multicentre case-control study
N Lerolle1, M Laanani2, L Galicier3
1Service de médecine interne et d'immunologie clinique, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre.
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) associated with haemophagocytic syndrome (HS) is more common in immunocompromised patients. This severe complication of TB significantly worsens patient outcomes and increases mortality risk.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Hematology
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) can trigger haemophagocytic syndrome (HS).
- Limited information exists on the specific characteristics of TB-associated HS.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify risk factors for HS in TB patients.
- To characterize TB-associated HS.
Main Methods:
- Multicenter case-control study.
- Inclusion of adult patients with proven TB, with or without HS.
- Analysis of medical records.
Main Results:
- Twenty-one TB/HS+ patients identified.
- TB/HS+ patients were more likely to be immunocompromised (86% vs. 18%) and have disseminated TB (80% vs. 12%).
- Poorer outcomes observed in TB/HS+ patients, including higher ICU admission (71%) and mortality (38%).
Conclusions:
- Immunocompromised status and disseminated TB are associated with TB/HS+.
- TB/HS+ significantly worsens TB prognosis.
- Further research is needed for specific therapeutic strategies.
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