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Updated: Dec 29, 2025

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Unsaturated nanoporomechanics.

Hoang Nguyen1, Saeed Rahimi-Aghdam2, Zdeněk P Bažant3

  • 1Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|February 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new nanoporomechanics theory unifies modeling for nanoporous materials, accurately predicting sorption and hygrothermal deformations. This comprehensive approach captures diverse experimental data, crucial for understanding material behavior and reducing concrete

Keywords:
Biot coefficienthindered adsorbed watershrinkageswellingunsaturated poromechanics

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Area of Science:

  • Nanoporomechanics
  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering

Background:

  • Existing models for nanoporous materials like cement paste, shale, and coal lack a comprehensive nanoporomechanics theory.
  • Previous models could only fit a limited range of experimental data concerning sorption and hygrothermal deformations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formulate a comprehensive nanoporomechanics theory based on Gibb's free energy and the NRB isotherm.
  • To develop a unified model capable of capturing diverse experimental data for various nanoporous materials.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Gibb's free energy of the solid-fluid system.
  • Employed the Nguyen-Rahimi-Bažant (NRB) isotherm, an advancement over the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) isotherm.
  • Validated the model against seven key types of experimental data, including sorption isotherms, shrinkage, and thermal expansion.

Main Results:

  • The developed model successfully fits all seven types of experimental data for hydrated cement paste, a significant improvement over previous models.
  • The model accurately describes sorption and hygrothermal deformations across various nanoporous materials, including the capillary range up to saturation.

Conclusions:

  • The new nanoporomechanics theory provides a unified framework for modeling complex material behaviors.
  • This model is ready for computer simulations to mitigate moisture-induced damage in concrete infrastructure, indirectly reducing its carbon footprint.
  • The theory is adaptable for applications in shale, coal beds, and other geological materials.