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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

1.6K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Temperature02:19

Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Temperature

34.7K
Consistent with the law of mass action, an equilibrium stressed by a change in concentration will shift to re-establish equilibrium without any change in the value of the equilibrium constant, K. When an equilibrium shifts in response to a temperature change, however, it is re-established with a different relative composition that exhibits a different value for the equilibrium constant.
To understand this phenomenon, consider the elementary reaction:
34.7K
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

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Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Comparison of Two Different Synthesis Methods of Single Crystals of Superconducting Uranium Ditelluride
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From LaH10 to room-temperature superconductors.

M Kostrzewa1, K M Szczęśniak2, A P Durajski3

  • 1Institute of Physics, Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, Ave. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland.

Scientific Reports
|February 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary

We investigated the thermodynamic properties of the lanthanum hydride (LaH10) superconductor, finding its critical temperature and electron-phonon coupling deviate from BCS theory predictions. This suggests new LaXH-type superconductors could achieve even higher critical temperatures.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • Lanthanum hydride (LaH10) exhibits the highest experimentally observed critical temperature (TC) for a superconductor.
  • It is characterized by strong electron-phonon coupling, with values around 2.2 and 2.8.
  • Conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory may not fully describe its thermodynamic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To calculate and analyze the thermodynamic parameters of the LaH10 superconductor.
  • To compare these parameters with predictions from conventional BCS theory.
  • To explore the potential for higher TC in related LaXH-type superconductors.

Main Methods:

  • Thermodynamic parameter calculations for LaH10.
  • Analysis of the Eliashberg function specific to hydrogenated compounds.
  • Qualitative assessment of LaδX1-δH10 (LaXH-type) superconductors.

Main Results:

  • Thermodynamic parameters (order parameter, critical field, specific heat) for LaH10 significantly differ from BCS predictions.
  • The Eliashberg function structure in LaH10 suggests deviations from conventional superconductivity.
  • Predicted higher critical temperatures for LaScH10 and LaYH10 superconductors.

Conclusions:

  • LaH10 presents a unique case of high-temperature superconductivity deviating from standard BCS theory.
  • The findings pave the way for designing novel superconductors with enhanced critical temperatures.
  • LaXH-type structures, particularly LaScH10 and LaYH10, are promising candidates for future high-TC materials.