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Clinical Research on the Aortic Elasticity in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Hypertension

Zheng Wang1, Yulei Wan2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China.

Current Medical Imaging Reviews
|February 4, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension significantly reduces aortic elasticity in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) patients. While DM1 alone has minimal impact, its combination with hypertension markedly decreases aortic elasticity, highlighting hypertension as the primary factor.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Diabetology
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) is associated with cardiovascular complications.
  • Hypertension is a known risk factor for vascular dysfunction.
  • The combined impact of DM1 and hypertension on aortic elasticity requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess aortic elasticity in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
  • To compare aortic elasticity across different patient groups using dual-source computed tomography (DSCT).

Main Methods:

  • ECG-gated DSCT was employed to measure aortic dimensions during systole and diastole.
  • Aortic elasticity was calculated based on changes in aortic cross-sectional area.
  • Statistical analysis included ANOVA and multiple linear regression.

Main Results:

  • Aortic elasticity was significantly reduced in patients with hypertension (EH group) and those with both hypertension and DM1 (DM1 + EH group) compared to healthy controls (CG).
  • DM1 alone did not significantly decrease aortic elasticity compared to the CG.
  • No significant difference in aortic elasticity was observed between the EH and DM1 + EH groups.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension is the primary driver of reduced aortic elasticity in patients with type 1 diabetes.
  • DM1 has a minor effect on descending aorta elasticity, but its impact is amplified in the presence of hypertension.
Abstract

Keywords:
X-ray computed tomographyelasticityhypertensionquantitative analysisthoracic aortatype 1 diabetes mellitus

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