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Related Concept Videos

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

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In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
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Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
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Biological Methods for Microbial Control01:28

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Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Synthesis of Infectious Bacteriophages in an E. coli-based Cell-free Expression System
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Engineered Bacteriophages for Practical Applications.

Javier Pizarro-Bauerle1, Hiroki Ando1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University.

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
|February 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Advanced genetic engineering allows precise bacteriophage genome manipulation. Genetically modified phages show diverse applications, including phage therapy, antimicrobials, biosensors, and genetic engineering tools.

Keywords:
bacteriophagebiosensordirected-evolutionphage therapysynthetic biology

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Recent advancements in genetic engineering offer precise gene and genome manipulation capabilities.
  • Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacteria, making their genomes challenging to modify due to host dependence.
  • Phages possess diverse potential applications across various scientific and industrial fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent applications of genetically modified bacteriophages.
  • To highlight the versatility of engineered phages as tools and therapeutic agents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies employing genetically modified bacteriophages.
  • Analysis of applications in medicine, agriculture, industry, and research.

Main Results:

  • Genetically modified phages are utilized in phage therapy for medical, animal, and agricultural applications.
  • Engineered phages serve as a source for novel antimicrobial compounds.
  • Applications include biosensors for research, health, and environmental monitoring.
  • Modified phages are also employed as sophisticated genetic engineering tools.

Conclusions:

  • Genetically modified bacteriophages represent a versatile platform with significant potential.
  • Their applications span therapeutic, diagnostic, and biotechnological domains.
  • Further research into engineered phages promises innovative solutions across multiple sectors.