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Related Concept Videos

Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Bone Markings01:26

Bone Markings

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Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
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Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the...
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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts—...
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The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

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Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in...
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Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone
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Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone

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Primary aneurysmal bone cysts.

Ajay Puri1, Prateek Hegde2, Ashish Gulia2

  • 1Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, India.

The Bone & Joint Journal
|February 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Percutaneous sclerotherapy using polidocanol effectively treated primary aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) in 80% of patients with no complications. This minimally invasive method offers a safe and inexpensive treatment option for ABCs in the limbs and pelvis.

Keywords:
Intralesional injectionsMinimally invasivePolidocanol

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Interventional Radiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) are benign, expansile bone lesions.
  • Primary ABCs require effective and minimally invasive treatment options.
  • Polidocanol is a sclerosant agent used for vascular malformations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous sclerotherapy with polidocanol for treating primary aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC).
  • To analyze treatment complications and outcomes in a series of previously untreated patients with primary ABC.
  • To determine the recurrence rates and long-term outcomes of this minimally invasive treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study of 56 patients with primary ABC treated between January 2010 and December 2016.
  • Serial intralesional injections of 3% polidocanol under image intensifier guidance.
  • Clinical and radiological evaluations every six to eight weeks, with repeat injections as necessary.

Main Results:

  • 84% of lesions healed after one or more polidocanol injections; 80% of patients achieved healing.
  • 44% healed with a single injection, and 78% within two injections.
  • No treatment complications were reported; local recurrence-free survival was 93% at five years.

Conclusions:

  • Percutaneous sclerotherapy with polidocanol is a safe and effective treatment for primary ABCs.
  • The procedure is minimally invasive, inexpensive, and suitable for ABCs of the limbs and pelvis.
  • High healing rates and favorable long-term outcomes support its use in clinical practice.