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T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 in non-small cell lung cancer
Keyi Jia1,2, Yayi He1, Rafal Dziadziuszko3
1Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China.
Background:
Immunotherapy has shown promising effect for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Yet the biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy efficiency are still lacking.
Methods:
We tested 139 surgical resected NSCLC primary tumor samples from Medical University of Gdansk, Poland, for T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) level by immunohistochemistry (IHC), analyzed the expression of TIM-3 protein on NSCLC tumor cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs).
Results:
TIM-3 on TILs was correlated with programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) on TILs (correlation coefficient =0.346, P<0.001) and programmed cell death protein-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on TILs (correlation coefficient =0.313, P<0.001), PD-L1 level on tumor cells (correlation coefficient =0.255, P=0.002), TIM-3 level on tumor cells (correlation coefficient =0.262, P=0.002) and TIL percentage (correlation coefficient =0.172, P=0.043). TIM-3 level on tumor cells only had correlation with PD-L1 level (correlation coefficient =0.170, P=0.045). High level of TIM-3 on TILs indicated shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) (RFS 1.800 years, 95% CI, 1.230-2.370 vs. 0.870 years, 95% CI, 0.212-1.528, P=0.048) (OS 2.960 years, 95% CI, 2.268-3.652 vs. 1.080 years, 95% CI, 0.228-1.932, P=0.034).
Conclusions:
TIM-3 is expressed on NSCLC tumor cells and TILs in all NSCLC pathological type. TIM-3 level on TILs had correlation with PD-1 and PD-L1 level. NSCLC patients with high TIM-3 level on TILs were more likely to have poor prognosis.
Insights
High T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) levels on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) correlate with poor prognosis and reduced survival. TIM-3 expression on TILs is linked to PD-1 and PD-L1 levels.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Immunotherapy offers promise for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
- Biomarkers to predict immunotherapy efficacy in NSCLC are needed.
- T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) is a potential biomarker.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression and prognostic significance of TIM-3 in NSCLC.
- To analyze the correlation between TIM-3 expression and other immune markers like PD-1 and PD-L1.
- To determine if TIM-3 expression predicts patient survival outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to assess TIM-3 levels.
- 139 surgically resected NSCLC primary tumor samples were analyzed.
- Expression of TIM-3 on tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was evaluated.
Main Results:
- TIM-3 was expressed on both NSCLC tumor cells and TILs.
- TIM-3 on TILs correlated with PD-1 and PD-L1 on TILs, and PD-L1 on tumor cells.
- High TIM-3 levels on TILs were associated with shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).
Conclusions:
- TIM-3 is present on NSCLC tumor cells and TILs across all pathological types.
- TIM-3 levels on TILs show a correlation with PD-1 and PD-L1 expression.
- Elevated TIM-3 on TILs indicates a higher likelihood of poor prognosis in NSCLC patients.
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