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Myocardial Function Maturation in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants and Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Paula Méndez-Abad1,2, Pamela Zafra-Rodríguez1,2, Simón Lubián-López1,2

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|February 4, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Myocardial function in premature infants evolves differently in those who develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Echocardiographic measures and NTproBNP levels can identify infants at higher risk for BPD.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Cardiology
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Myocardial function development in very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWIs) is crucial for postnatal adaptation.
  • Understanding temporal changes in cardiac function related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal evolution of myocardial function in VLBWIs.
  • To identify echocardiographic and biochemical markers associated with BPD development.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of VLBWIs.
  • Serial echocardiography (TAPSE, TDI) and NTproBNP measurements.
  • Comparison of cardiac parameters between non-BPD and BPD groups.

Main Results:

  • Cardiac function parameters (TAPSE, TDI) improved over time but were influenced by gestational age (GA) and postmenstrual age (PMA).
  • Temporal evolution of cardiac function differed significantly between infants who developed BPD and those who did not.
  • NTproBNP levels and echocardiographic parameters at 14 days were associated with BPD development.

Conclusions:

  • Gestational age and postmenstrual age impact myocardial function in VLBWIs.
  • Cardiac function's temporal evolution differs in infants who develop BPD.
  • Combined biomarkers can predict BPD risk in VLBWIs.

Keywords:
N-terminal pro B type natriuretic peptidebiomarkersbronchopulmonary dysplasiamyocardial functionpreterm infantstargeted neonatal echocardiographytissue doppler imagingtricuspid annular plane systolic excursion

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