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Equivalent Capacitance01:19

Equivalent Capacitance

2.0K
Multiple capacitors can be connected in a circuit in series or parallel configuration. When the capacitor combination is connected to a battery, the potential drop across each capacitor and the magnitude of charge stored in the individual capacitor depends on the type of the connection. The capacitor combination is replaced by a single equivalent capacitor that stores the same amount of charge as the combination for a given potential difference.
The following strategies are adopted to calculate...
2.0K
Equivalent Capacitance01:19

Equivalent Capacitance

611
From the study of resistive circuits, it is understood that employing a series-parallel combination serves as an effective strategy for simplifying circuits. Capacitors can be arranged within a circuit in one of two ways: a series configuration or a parallel configuration. The way these capacitors are connected to a battery will influence both the potential drop across each individual capacitor and the size of the charge that each capacitor can store. This is determined by the specific type of...
611
Capacitors01:15

Capacitors

826
Capacitors play a crucial role in car radios, where they filter and store frequencies to ensure clear signal reception. Essentially serving as energy storage devices, capacitors store energy within their electric field and are composed of two parallel conducting plates separated by a dielectric.
When a voltage source is connected to a capacitor, positive and negative charges accumulate on the opposite plates. This accumulation generates a potential difference that equals the product of the...
826
Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit01:20

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit

1.4K
In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.
1.4K
Frequency Response of a Circuit01:20

Frequency Response of a Circuit

583
Inductive circuits present intriguing challenges in electrical engineering, particularly during the transition from the time domain to the frequency domain. This transformation involves converting inductors into impedances and utilizing phasor representation.
The transfer function is pivotal in characterizing how these circuits react to various frequencies, facilitating a profound understanding of their behavior. An essential parameter is the time constant, signifying the...
583
Capacitors and Capacitance01:18

Capacitors and Capacitance

9.0K
A device consisting of two electrical conductors that are separated by a distance and used to store electrical charges is called a capacitor. The space between the conductors is either a vacuum or an insulating material, called a dielectric. Capacitors have many applications, ranging from filtering static from radio reception to energy storage in heart defibrillators.
When the conductors are two identical parallel plates, it is called a parallel plate capacitor. When battery terminals are...
9.0K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Scanning-probe Single-electron Capacitance Spectroscopy
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Scanning-probe Single-electron Capacitance Spectroscopy

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Frequency estimation techniques in capacitance-to-frequency conversion measurement.

Tushar Tyagi1, P Sumathi2

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|February 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reviews frequency estimation techniques for accurate capacitance measurement. Frequency-locked loops (FLLs) with discrete Fourier transform (DFT) integration offer enhanced precision and system-on-chip implementation.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Measurement Science

Background:

  • Capacitance measurement traditionally involves converting capacitance to secondary variables like voltage or frequency.
  • Capacitance-frequency measurement offers distinct advantages over other techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and explore frequency estimation techniques for capacitance measurement.
  • To investigate the integration of discrete Fourier transform (DFT) in frequency-locked loops (FLLs) for improved capacitance measurement.

Main Methods:

  • Review of various frequency estimation techniques including phase-locked loop, FLL, parameter estimation, and DFT-based FLL structures.
  • Exploration of applying these techniques for capacitance measurement.
  • Investigation of integrating computationally efficient DFT structures within FLLs.

Main Results:

  • Performance comparison of techniques indicates higher accuracy in capacitance measurement.
  • The proposed methodology demonstrates good accuracy, a wider measurement range, and quick convergence.
  • System-on-chip implementation is feasible.

Conclusions:

  • Frequency-locked loops (FLLs) are effective for capacitance measurement, even with nonsinusoidal input signals.
  • Integrating DFT structures into FLLs enhances capacitance measurement accuracy and efficiency.
  • The reviewed techniques provide a robust framework for advanced capacitance metrology.