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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Precise absolute Seebeck coefficient measurement and uncertainty analysis using high-Tc superconductors as a

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Summary

High-temperature superconductors like YBCO and Bi-2223 serve as reliable references for precise Seebeck coefficient measurements of platinum at low temperatures. This study validates their use up to liquid nitrogen temperatures.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • The Seebeck effect, crucial for thermoelectric applications, is challenging to measure absolutely at low temperatures.
  • Superconductors, exhibiting unique properties like the Meissner effect, offer potential as precise measurement references.
  • High-Tc superconductors, such as YBCO and Bi-2223, are particularly interesting due to their higher critical temperatures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform a precision absolute Seebeck coefficient measurement of a platinum sample.
  • To validate the use of high-Tc superconductors (YBCO and Bi-2223) as reliable references for these measurements.
  • To analyze the uncertainties associated with the measurement technique.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a stable cryostat system for precise temperature control.
  • Utilizing YBCO as a reference superconductor for absolute Seebeck coefficient determination.
  • Comparison of measurements using Bi-2223 as an alternative high-Tc reference.
  • Detailed uncertainty analysis focusing on temperature sensing and noise.

Main Results:

  • A precision measurement of the Seebeck coefficient for platinum yielded S = 5.6 ± 0.2 µV/K at 80 K, with a 3% relative expanded uncertainty.
  • No significant difference was observed between Seebeck coefficient values obtained using YBCO and Bi-2223 references, within measurement uncertainties.
  • The primary sources of uncertainty were identified as temperature difference measurements and analog noise.

Conclusions:

  • High-Tc superconductors (YBCO and Bi-2223) are validated as effective and reliable references for absolute Seebeck coefficient measurements up to liquid nitrogen temperatures.
  • The developed cryostat system and measurement methodology enable accurate thermoelectric property determination.
  • This work contributes to the advancement of low-temperature thermoelectric measurements and material characterization.