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Cryogenic atomic hydrogen beam apparatus with velocity characterization.

S F Cooper1, A D Brandt1, C Rasor1

  • 1Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.

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|February 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new apparatus for precisely measuring atomic hydrogen velocity distributions at cryogenic temperatures. This method improves accuracy in precision spectroscopy by reducing systematic errors from beam velocity uncertainties.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic Physics
  • Spectroscopy
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Precision spectroscopy of hydrogen is crucial for fundamental physics tests.
  • Uncertainty in atomic beam velocity distributions introduces systematic errors in spectroscopy.
  • Existing methods for velocity distribution analysis can be complex and limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present an apparatus for high signal-to-noise measurement of atomic hydrogen velocity distributions.
  • To enable these measurements at cryogenic temperatures for both ground (1S) and metastable (2S) states.
  • To investigate the impact of cryogenic nozzle geometry on velocity distributions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a time-of-flight technique for velocity distribution measurement.
  • Operated the apparatus at cryogenic temperatures.
  • Employed a novel cryogenic nozzle geometry for hydrogen atom beam production.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high signal-to-noise ratio for velocity distribution measurements.
  • Demonstrated the capability to measure distributions for both 1S and 2S hydrogen.
  • Observed effects of cryogenic nozzle geometry on the velocity distributions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed apparatus provides a more accurate method for characterizing atomic hydrogen beams.
  • This advancement can reduce systematic errors in precision spectroscopy.
  • Further studies on nozzle geometry can optimize atomic beam properties for spectroscopy.