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Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
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Toll-like Receptors from the Perspective of Cancer Treatment

Nasir Javaid1, Sangdun Choi1

  • 1Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.

Cancers
|February 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are crucial in cancer immunity. Modulating TLRs offers a promising strategy for developing novel anticancer therapies by targeting tumor growth and metastasis.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors involved in innate immunity.
  • TLRs recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).
  • Dysregulation of TLRs is implicated in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmunity, and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in cancer.
  • To explore the potential of TLRs as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
  • To discuss TLR-targeting agonists and antagonists for anticancer drug discovery.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing research on TLRs and their function in cancer.
  • The review examines TLR signaling pathways, including NF-κB, IRFs, and MAPKs.
  • Literature search focused on the involvement of TLRs in tumor formation, growth, and metastasis.

Main Results:

  • TLR activation can inhibit tumor formation and growth by stimulating immune responses.
  • Aberrant TLR signaling (hyperactivation or hypoactivation) can promote tumor survival and metastasis.
  • TLRs play a dual role in cancer, influencing both tumor suppression and progression.

Conclusions:

  • TLRs are critical regulators of the tumor immune microenvironment.
  • Targeting TLRs with agonists or antagonists represents a promising immunotherapeutic approach for cancer.
  • Further research into TLR modulation holds potential for novel anticancer drug development.
Keywords:
anticancer drugcancercytokinepathogen-associated molecular patterntoll-like receptor

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