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Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Phytochemicals on miRNA Regulating Breast Cancer Progression

Elizabeth Varghese1, Alena Liskova2, Peter Kubatka3

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar.

Biomolecules
|February 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Phytochemicals can target microRNAs (miRNAs) to inhibit tumor angiogenesis, a key process in cancer growth and metastasis. This approach offers a novel therapeutic strategy for various cancers, including breast cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in regulating oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, influencing tumor progression and angiogenesis.
  • Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) signaling is central to endothelial cell (EC)-driven tumor angiogenesis and metabolic reprogramming.
  • Aberrant miRNA expression profiles are linked to tumor angiogenesis and metabolic reprogramming in cancers like breast cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify miRNAs that regulate tumor angiogenesis in the context of oncogenic signaling and metabolic reprogramming in ECs.
  • To review how selected phytochemicals can modulate miRNA levels to exert anti-angiogenic effects in breast cancer.
  • To explore the potential of phytochemical-miRNA interactions as a therapeutic strategy against angiogenesis-driven cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on phytochemicals, miRNAs, and tumor angiogenesis.
  • Analysis of miRNA regulation by phytochemicals such as genistein, EGCG, resveratrol, cardamonin, and curcumin.
  • Examination of the role of targeted miRNAs in endothelial cell metabolism and angiogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Genistein, EGCG, and resveratrol modulate specific miRNAs (e.g., miRNA-21, miRNA-221/222, miRNA-27) associated with triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs).
  • Cardamonin, curcumin, and resveratrol target miRNAs involved in EC metabolism, demonstrating anti-angiogenic properties.
  • Phytochemicals can suppress tumor angiogenesis by modulating miRNA expression.

Conclusions:

  • Phytochemicals offer a promising strategy to target miRNAs for suppressing tumor angiogenesis.
  • Modulating miRNA-driven endothelial cell metabolism is a novel approach to control tumor growth and metastasis.
  • Phytochemical-mediated miRNA targeting holds potential as an effective therapeutic strategy for angiogenesis-dependent cancers.
Keywords:
angiomiRsendothelial cell metabolismphytochemicalstumor angiogenesis

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