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Related Concept Videos

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Author Spotlight: Emerging Technologies and Advanced Tools for Decoding Metabolomics Data Analysis
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A Data Mining Metabolomics Exploration of Glaucoma.

Judith Kouassi Nzoughet1,2, Khadidja Guehlouz3, Stéphanie Leruez3

  • 1Faculté de santé, Institut MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Université d'Angers, 49933 Angers, France.

Metabolites
|February 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) involves altered plasma metabolite levels. This study identified nine key metabolites, including nicotinamide and N-acetyl-L-Leucine, offering new diagnostic and therapeutic insights for this leading cause of irreversible blindness.

Keywords:
data miningmetabolomicsmitochondrial dysfunctionoptic neuropathyprimary open-angle glaucoma

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Metabolomics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, characterized by retinal ganglion cell loss.
  • Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is an age-related form requiring deeper understanding of its pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify plasma metabolic signatures associated with POAG.
  • To explore novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for POAG.

Main Methods:

  • Non-targeted metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS).
  • Employed a synergistic data mining strategy combining filtering, wrapper, and embedded methods.
  • Analyzed plasma samples from 34 POAG patients and 30 controls.

Main Results:

  • Identified nine differentially abundant metabolites in POAG patients.
  • Decreased levels of nicotinamide, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and 1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline.
  • Increased levels of N-acetyl-L-Leucine, arginine, RAC-glycerol 1-myristate, 1-oleoyl-RAC-glycerol, and cystathionine.
  • Nicotinamide, N-acetyl-L-Leucine, and arginine modifications were most discriminant.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolomic profiling reveals distinct signatures in POAG.
  • Findings suggest potential biomarkers for POAG diagnosis.
  • Identified metabolites may represent novel therapeutic targets for glaucoma.