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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Quantum Numbers02:43

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It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
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Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
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Quantum Well States for Graphene Spin-Texture Engineering.

Thomas Vincent1, Elena Voloshina2,3,4, Stéphane Pons1

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux , ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 8213, Sorbonne Universités , UPMC Univ. Paris 06, 75005 Paris , France.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|February 5, 2020
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Researchers modified graphene

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Surface science

Background:

  • Modifying graphene's electronic band structure, especially via spin-orbit coupling, is a significant scientific challenge.
  • Graphene's unique electronic properties are highly sought after for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electronic structure modification of graphene adsorbed on Ir(111) by intercalating a palladium (Pd) monolayer.
  • To explore methods for inducing significant spin-orbit coupling in graphene.

Main Methods:

  • Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) was used to probe the electronic structure.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to model the system and interpret experimental results.

Main Results:

  • A substantial spin splitting of graphene π states, exceeding 200 meV, was observed near the graphene K point in the graphene/Pd/Ir(111) system.
  • This spin separation is attributed to the hybridization between graphene valence band states and spin-polarized quantum well states in the Pd monolayer.

Conclusions:

  • Intercalating a single palladium monolayer between graphene and Ir(111) effectively induces a large spin-orbit splitting in graphene's electronic structure.
  • Tailoring the dimensionality of heavy materials interfaced with graphene offers a promising route to achieve giant spin-orbit splitting in graphene valence bands.