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Quasi-metagenomic Analysis of Salmonella from Food and Environmental Samples
Published on: October 25, 2018
Prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella serotypes in Iran: a meta-analysis
Farzad Khademi1, Hamid Vaez2, Fahimeh Ghanbari3
1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Abstract:
The present study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Salmonella serotypes, especially fluoroquinolone-resistant strains, recovered from clinical samples in Iran. A full electronic search using related keywords was conducted in Persian and English languages in ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and the Scientific Information Database (SID) search engines to find papers published between 1983 and 1 July 2019. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 46 eligible articles were selected for the final analysis out of the initial 13,186 studies retrieved. The pooled prevalence of quinolone-resistant Salmonella serotypes in clinical specimens in Iran was 2.9% to ciprofloxacin and 48.1% to nalidixic acid. Additional data on antibiotic resistance was as follows: 54.3% to tetracycline, 50.6% to ceftizoxime, 50.2% to streptomycin, 37.9% to ampicillin, 36.5% to kanamycin, 33.5% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 27.2% to chloramphenicol, 19.1% to cephalothin, 8.8% to ceftriaxone, 7.6% to cefotaxime, 7.4% to aztreonam, 7.2% to gentamicin, 7% to cefepime, 6.8% to ceftazidime, 5.8% to cefixime, 2.7% to imipenem and 2.2% to meropenem. Findings of the present study showed a rising trend of resistance to the drugs of choice for the treatment of Salmonella infections, i.e. ampicillin, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in Iran. However, ciprofloxacin, third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems are still effective antibiotics especially against multi-drug resistant strains in Iran.
Insights
Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella is increasing in Iran, particularly fluoroquinolone resistance. While older antibiotics are failing, newer drugs like ciprofloxacin and carbapenems remain effective against resistant strains.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Salmonella serotypes are a significant cause of bacterial infections globally.
- Fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella is a growing public health concern.
- Understanding antimicrobial susceptibility patterns is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Salmonella serotypes in clinical samples from Iran.
- To specifically assess the prevalence and patterns of fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella strains.
- To evaluate the trends in resistance to commonly used antibiotics for Salmonella infections.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature review was conducted using major scientific databases (ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID).
- Search terms included "Salmonella", "antimicrobial resistance", "fluoroquinolone", and "Iran" in Persian and English.
- Data from 46 eligible articles published between 1983 and July 2019 were analyzed.
Main Results:
- The pooled prevalence of quinolone-resistant Salmonella was 2.9% for ciprofloxacin and 48.1% for nalidixic acid.
- High resistance rates were observed for tetracycline (54.3%), ceftizoxime (50.6%), and streptomycin (50.2%).
- Resistance to first-line drugs like ampicillin (37.9%), chloramphenicol (27.2%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (33.5%) is increasing.
Conclusions:
- There is a concerning rise in antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella serotypes in Iran, impacting treatment efficacy.
- While resistance to older antibiotics is high, ciprofloxacin, third-generation cephalosporins, and carbapenems show continued effectiveness, particularly against multi-drug resistant strains.
- Continued surveillance and strategic antibiotic use are essential to combat Salmonella resistance in the region.
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