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Related Concept Videos

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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The Guangzhou Twin Eye Study: 2019 Update.

Xiaohu Ding1, Wei Wang1, Jane Scheetz2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Twin Research and Human Genetics : the Official Journal of the International Society for Twin Studies
|February 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The Guangzhou Twin Eye Study investigates how genes and environment affect common eye diseases in twins. This research helps understand the causes of vision conditions and potential links to overall health.

Keywords:
Twin studyenvironmentgenemyopiaprediction

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Common eye diseases have complex etiologies.
  • Twin studies are valuable for dissecting genetic and environmental contributions to disease.
  • The Guangzhou Twin Eye Study (GTES) was established to address these factors in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to common eye diseases.
  • To investigate the progression of ocular phenotypes in twins.
  • To explore potential associations between eye conditions and general medical conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal data collection from 1300 twin pairs aged 7-15 years since 2006.
  • Annual measurements of progressive phenotypes: cycloplegic refraction, axial length, height, and weight.
  • Baseline collection of non-progressive phenotypes: parental refraction, corneal thickness, fundus photography, intraocular pressure, and DNA samples.

Main Results:

  • Ongoing data collection and analysis are providing insights into the heritability of refractive errors and axial length.
  • Identified specific environmental factors influencing myopia progression in twins.
  • Established a foundation for future research into gene-environment interactions in eye diseases.

Conclusions:

  • The Guangzhou Twin Eye Study (GTES) highlights the significant roles of both genetics and environment in the development of common eye diseases.
  • The study provides a robust dataset for understanding the etiology and progression of pediatric eye conditions.
  • Future research directions include exploring links with systemic health and leveraging advanced genetic and imaging techniques.