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The status of tuberculosis vaccine development
Lewis K Schrager1, Johan Vekemens2, Nick Drager3
1Independent Consultant, Bethesda, MD, USA.
The Lancet. Infectious Diseases
|February 5, 2020
Summary
A new tuberculosis vaccine is urgently needed to combat the leading infectious cause of death. Promising results from the M72/AS01E vaccine trial offer hope for improved tuberculosis prevention in adolescents and adults.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global infectious disease killer.
- Current drug treatments are insufficient to meet World Health Organization (WHO) control targets.
- Existing TB vaccine (BCG) has limitations in efficacy and duration, especially for adolescents and adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current landscape of tuberculosis vaccine candidates.
- To highlight the urgent need for novel TB vaccines due to drug resistance and epidemic control timelines.
- To discuss ongoing diversified vaccine development efforts.
Main Methods:
- Review of current tuberculosis vaccine candidates.
- Analysis of epidemiological modeling for TB control.
- Examination of clinical trial results, including phase 2b trials.
Main Results:
- The M72/AS01E adjuvanted protein subunit vaccine demonstrated promising results in a phase 2b trial for preventing TB disease.
- Despite challenges, diversified vaccine development is underway.
- New vaccines are crucial for controlling the TB epidemic, particularly in adolescents and adults.
Conclusions:
- Novel tuberculosis vaccines are essential for global epidemic control.
- The M72/AS01E vaccine candidate shows potential for preventing tuberculosis.
- Continued research and development in TB vaccinology are critical.
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