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Updated: Dec 29, 2025
11:22
Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
Published on: October 15, 2019
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The microbiota programs DNA methylation to control intestinal homeostasis and inflammation
Ihab Ansari1, Günter Raddatz2, Julian Gutekunst2
1Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
Nature Microbiology
|February 5, 2020
Summary
The gut microbiome epigenetically programs intestinal cells, activating key genes to maintain gut health. This epigenetic regulation is crucial for intestinal homeostasis and is altered during inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Epigenetics
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- The gut microbiome's role in intestinal homeostasis is not fully understood.
- Epigenetic mechanisms are emerging as a link between the microbiota and intestinal epithelium.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how gut microbiota influences intestinal homeostasis through epigenetic modifications.
- To identify specific epigenetic changes and gene expression alterations in response to microbiota exposure.
Main Methods:
- Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing in conventionally raised and germ-free mice.
- Analysis of DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility changes.
- Genetic interventions to assess the necessity of epigenetic programming.
Main Results:
- Commensal microbiota induces TET2/3-dependent DNA methylation at regulatory elements, activating 'early sentinel' genes for homeostasis.
- Microbiota exposure during acute inflammation causes significant epigenetic alterations, affecting gene expression linked to colitis and colon cancer.
- Microbiota-induced epigenetic programming is essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis in vivo.
Conclusions:
- Epigenetic programming by the gut microbiota is a critical mechanism for maintaining intestinal homeostasis.
- Disruptions in this epigenetic regulation are implicated in inflammatory conditions and cancer development.
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