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Updated: Dec 29, 2025

A Fluorescence-based Assay for Characterization and Quantification of Lipid Droplet Formation in Human Intestinal Organoids
Published on: October 13, 2019
Regulation of intestinal lipid metabolism: current concepts and relevance to disease
Chih-Wei Ko1, Jie Qu1, Dennis D Black2
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Abstract:
Lipids entering the gastrointestinal tract include dietary lipids (triacylglycerols, cholesteryl esters and phospholipids) and endogenous lipids from bile (phospholipids and cholesterol) and from shed intestinal epithelial cells (enterocytes). Here, we comprehensively review the digestion, uptake and intracellular re-synthesis of intestinal lipids as well as their packaging into pre-chylomicrons in the endoplasmic reticulum, their modification in the Golgi apparatus and the exocytosis of the chylomicrons into the lamina propria and subsequently to lymph. We also discuss other fates of intestinal lipids, including intestinal HDL and VLDL secretion, cytosolic lipid droplets and fatty acid oxidation. In addition, we highlight the applicability of these findings to human disease and the development of therapeutics targeting lipid metabolism. Finally, we explore the emerging role of the gut microbiota in modulating intestinal lipid metabolism and outline key questions for future research.
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