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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

In Vitro Differentiation Model of Human Normal Memory B Cells to Long-lived Plasma Cells

In Vitro Differentiation Model of Human Normal Memory B Cells to Long-lived Plasma Cells

Published on: January 20, 2019

Integrating resident memory into T cell differentiation models.

Pamela C Rosato¹, Sathi Wijeyesinghe¹, J Michael Stolley¹

¹University of Minnesota, Center for Immunology, 2101 6th St SE, 2-260 WMBB, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.

Current Opinion in Immunology

|February 5, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Resident memory T cells (T_RM) display remarkable plasticity, challenging traditional classifications. A new

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Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells

Published on: April 16, 2012

Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology

Background:

T cell memory research has identified numerous subsets, including tissue-resident memory T cells (T_RM).
Understanding the plasticity and developmental potential of these subsets is crucial for effective immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the role of T_RM in protective immunity.
To propose a new model for classifying memory T cells based on plasticity.

Main Methods:

Literature review on T cell memory and tissue residency.
Conceptual framework development for T cell classification.

Main Results:

T_RM exhibit significant developmental and migrational plasticity.
Current subsetting strategies may not fully capture developmental potential.
A 'terrace' model is proposed to classify memory T cells along a continuum of developmental potential and migration properties.

Conclusions:

Memory T cell classification requires models that accommodate plasticity.
The proposed 'terrace' model offers a more dynamic view of T cell differentiation and migration states.