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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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The regulation of the cardiovascular system allows the body to adapt to various demands and maintain homeostasis.
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Correction: Gurbuz Can et al. Altered Hippocampal Clock Gene Regulation Is Associated with Circadian Dysregulation of Oxidative Imbalance, Neuroinflammation, and Histopathological Damage After Pinealectomy. <i>Biology</i> 2026, <i>15</i>, 655.

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In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
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MicroRNA and Cardiovascular Diseases

Hüseyin Altuğ Çakmak1, Mehmet Demir2

  • 1Clinic of Cardiology, Mustafakemalpaşa State Hospital, Bursa, Turkey

Balkan Medical Journal
|February 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show promise as novel biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting cardiovascular diseases. These small molecules also offer potential for developing new therapeutic strategies to treat various heart conditions.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseasegene expressionmicroRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of global mortality, with increasing prevalence despite prevention efforts.
  • Investigating the molecular underpinnings of CVDs and identifying novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are critical.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, play significant roles in cellular processes relevant to cardiovascular health and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structure, biogenesis, and function of miRNAs.
  • To explore the diagnostic and prognostic potential of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for CVDs.
  • To discuss the therapeutic applications of miRNA modulation in various cardiovascular conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on miRNAs and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Analysis of miRNA structure, synthesis, and functional roles in the cardiovascular system.
  • Examination of circulating miRNA expression profiles and their correlation with CVDs.
  • Evaluation of miRNA-based therapeutic strategies and their clinical implications.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs are implicated in key cardiovascular processes including angiogenesis, cardiac contractility, and lipid metabolism.
  • Circulating miRNAs exhibit stability and specificity, making them promising biomarkers for early CVD diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Combining miRNAs with traditional biomarkers may enhance cardiovascular risk stratification.
  • miRNA-based therapeutics demonstrate potential for treating a range of cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs represent a significant advancement in understanding cardiovascular disease pathophysiology.
  • Circulating miRNAs offer a novel avenue for non-invasive diagnosis and prognosis of CVDs.
  • miRNA-targeted therapies hold considerable promise for future cardiovascular disease treatment.